Historical Paths (Charithravazhikal)
Indian philosophy is historically rich in atheism and materialism.
Philosophical Roots
Brahminical religion and feudal monarchies suppressed materialism and burnt texts, but schools like Charvaka survived and fueled the Renaissance.
Caste, racial, and religious oppression based on Vedas and Puranas led to untouchability, slavery, and discrimination under 'Arsha culture'.
Renaissance in Kerala
Struggles against theocracy and for basic human rights (clothing, education, marriage).
Channar Revolt (Melshila Samaram)
Struggle for Nadar women's right to cover their breasts.
Arattupuzha Velayudha Panicker's Struggle
fought for Ezhava women's rights to cover breasts and wear nose rings.
Public Road Entry
Agricultural Revolt for Education
Kallumala Samaram
Key Renaissance Leaders
Origins of the Movement
Widely accepted as the start of the rationalist movement in Kerala and believed to be the first rationalist organization in India.
Sahodara Sangham (Brotherhood Association)
Cherai, near Ernakulam
May 29, 1917
Mishrabhojanam (Inter-dining)
Evolution of the Motto
Sree Narayana Guru
"One Caste, One Religion, One God for Man"
Sahodaran Ayyappan
"No Caste, No Religion, No God for Man; We want Dharma as appropriate."
Media History
The voice of the movement
Yukthivadi (Magazine)
Est. 1929
"Played a major role in shaping Malayali consciousness over 6 decades."